Footnote 3 Indeed, Matthew Hammerton, the most recent defender of what I will call McNaughton and Rawling’s ‘demarcation project’ goes as far as stressing that deontology is necessarily agent-relative. Footnote 2 These rules can then be mapped to their corresponding normative theories, rendering all deontological normative theories agent-relative theories. Footnote 1 Building on Derek Parfit’s idea that agent-relative theories give each agent different aims (whereas agent-neutral theories give each agent a common aim), McNaughton and Rawling sought to capture a formal distinction between agent-neutral and agent-relative rules in terms of the variable aims they give to agents. Nevertheless, pace Thomas Nagel and David McNaughton and Piers Rawling, there is a long-standing project which seeks to demarcate the boundaries of deontology and consequentialism even further by defining deontology exclusively in terms of its agent-relativity.
The distinction between deontological and consequentialist normative theories is straightforward enough.
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